Do I need shock absorption in trekking poles?

The question of whether to choose trekking poles with built-in shock absorption (often called "anti-shock" or "suspension" systems) is a common dilemma for hikers investing in new gear. These mechanisms, typically consisting of internal springs or elastomers, aim to reduce the impact transmitted to your joints during descent. While they offer specific benefits for certain situations, they also come with trade-offs that make them unnecessary—or even undesirable—for many hikers. Understanding how they work and who they benefit most will help you determine if they're a worthwhile investment for your adventures.

How Shock Absorption Works in Trekking Poles
Shock-absorbing poles feature a mechanical system, usually located in the upper section of the pole, that compresses slightly when the tip strikes the ground. This compression absorbs a portion of the impact energy that would otherwise travel up the pole to your wrists, elbows, and shoulders. The system then rebounds, theoretically providing a slight push-off effect for your next step. Most models include a switch to lock out the suspension for uphill hiking or situations where a rigid pole is preferred.

The Case For Shock Absorption

1. Joint Protection: The primary benefit is reduced strain on joints. Studies have shown that trekking poles without shock absorption already significantly decrease load on knees (by up to 25% on descents). Anti-shock systems provide an additional buffer, which can be valuable for hikers with existing wrist, elbow, shoulder, or arthritis issues.
2. Comfort on Long Descents: When carrying a heavy pack down extended steep trails, the cumulative effect of thousands of impacts can fatigue joints and muscles. Shock absorption can mitigate this fatigue, potentially reducing muscle soreness afterward.
3. Hard Surface Hiking: For those who frequently hike on hard-packed trails, pavement, or rock, where impact forces are highest, the damping effect can be particularly noticeable and beneficial.

The Case Against Shock Absorption

1. Added Weight and Complexity: Anti-shock mechanisms add weight (typically 1-3 oz/30-85g per pole) and moving parts that can potentially fail. This contradicts the ultralight philosophy that many backpackers embrace.
2. Reduced Trail Feel and Stability: Many experienced hikers prefer the direct feedback of a rigid pole, which provides better "trail feel" and more immediate stability when planting the tip on uncertain terrain like loose rocks or roots.
3. Energy Loss on Ascents: The compression of the shock system can actually absorb some of your pushing energy during uphill propulsion. This is why most models offer a lock-out feature, but that adds another step to adjust when transitioning between terrain.
4. Cost Increase: Poles with shock absorption are typically more expensive than their non-shock counterparts of similar quality.

Who Might Benefit Most From Shock Absorption?

• Hikers with pre-existing joint issues in their upper body (wrists, elbows, shoulders) or those particularly prone to tendonitis.
• Those who frequently descend steep, hard-packed trails with heavy loads.
• Older hikers or those recovering from injuries who need maximum impact reduction.
• Hikers who primarily use their poles on established trails rather than for balance on technical terrain.

Who Might Prefer Standard Poles?

• Ultralight hikers seeking to minimize weight.
• Those who hike primarily on soft ground (dirt, forest duff, sand) where natural ground compression reduces impact anyway.
• Hikers who value precise placement and stability on technical, uneven terrain.
• Anyone wanting simpler, more reliable equipment with fewer potential failure points.

The Middle Ground: Natural Damping
It's worth noting that all poles offer some natural vibration damping based on their material. Carbon fiber poles, in particular, are excellent at absorbing high-frequency trail vibration (a different phenomenon than impact shock) without any moving parts. Many hikers find this sufficient for comfort.

Conclusion: A Personal Choice Based on Your Needs
Shock absorption in trekking poles is not a necessary feature for most hikers, but rather a specialized tool for specific needs and preferences. Before investing in anti-shock poles, honestly assess your typical terrain, physical considerations, and hiking style. If you have joint concerns or frequently tackle long, hard descents with a heavy pack, testing shock-absorbing poles might be worthwhile. However, if you prioritize lightweight gear, technical performance, and simplicity, standard poles will likely serve you better. Regardless of your choice, remember that proper technique—including a relaxed grip and correct arm positioning—does more to reduce impact than any piece of equipment alone.